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Author(s):
Editorial Board.
Page No : 1-2
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COVER
Abstract
Cover page, Vol. 22, 2016, GUBUM
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Author(s):
Editorial Board.
Page No : 3-4
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CONTENTS
Abstract
contents, Vol. 22, 2016, GUBUM
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Author(s):
Jūratė Armonienė.
Page No : 5-16
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STUDENTS’ PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PROMOTION FACTORS: ANALYSIS OF THE EXPERIENCE
Abstract
Growing concerns about the health of young people and physical activity can be observed recently. Indeed, children do not exercise enough, they tend to play computer games and watch television instead of playing outside.
None of the state authority assumes responsibility for the establishment of proper conditions for students’ physical activity; too little attention is paid to the quality of physical education classes.
Not all Lithuanian schools pay enough attention to the issues of health education. In some schools, students’ health is fostered only by the individual teachers initiative (Proškuvienė, 2004). What are the causes of such a situation?
A health education process in schools would be conducted more efficiently if it was supported by more willingness and active participation of all the staff and students’ parents. Physical activity is one of the factors influencing people’s health. Movement is the body’s natural biological need, and ordinary human activity is hardly possible without it. Physical activity can be understood in quite a broad sense. It includes various exercises, participation in competitions, household work, leisure activity that requires physical effort, as well as physical work.
In order to implement the students’ healthy lifestyle education and addiction prevention programs a teacher survey on healthy living issues and on the use of tobacco, alcohol and other psychoactive substances were conducted in the Vilnius Jons Basanavicius Gymnasium. The public health official (PHO) carried out the students’ state of health analysis in accordance with the provided medical evidence.
The aim of the survey was to determine the teachers’ attitude to the students’ health education and to evaluate the students’ and teachers’ initiatives which promote physical activity and prevention of addictions.
The prevailing method used in the survey was a questionnaire for the teachers which consisted of 10 open-ended questions. 62 questionnaires were handed out, and soon 42 of them were filled in. Thus, 67.74 percent of the teachers shared their knowledge of a healthy lifestyle.
The results of the questionnaire survey conducted at Vilnius Jonas Basanavicius Gymnasium show that only 50 percent of the teachers believe that they play an important role in protecting and enhancing the students’ health. The majority of the teachers thinks that their knowledge about health is only satisfactory.
According to the teachers’ subjective assessment, they mainly face the lack of knowledge about the issues of psychotropic substance abuse, sexual education, first aid matters, mental health and coping with stress. About 35.5 percent of the gymnasium teachers do not use the Universal Health Education Program or other health programs such as the preparation for the family life program, the smoking prevention program, the program of changes, and the program of self-confidence. There are many teachers who believe that the most important thing is to teach their particular subject, regardless of the anatomical and psychological characteristics of the students’ health and their real abilities; thus, indiscriminately increasing mental stress and leaving no time for physical activity and recreation.
2015/2016 year students’ health studies have shown that the most common health problems are optic (313 cases), bone and muscle (234 cases), circulatory and respiratory diseases (187 and 105 cases), an increase of disorders of the endocrine system has been noticed (65 cases), and nervous system disorders (26 cases) have also been quite common if compared to the statistics for the years 2014/2015.
In order to adapt the students’ healthy lifestyle education and addiction prevention programs at our gymnasium we conducted a survey on tobacco, alcohol and other psychoactive substance use prevalence.
The survey that was conducted with the help of the IQES system analysed the answers of 348 gymnasium students from the 1st-3rd form (51 percent of these respondents were boys and 49 percent were girls). All in all, 37 percent of these students were from the 1st form, 39 percent from the 2nd form, and 24 percent from the 3rd form.
The survey found out that the most common bad habits observed in our gymnasium are smoking, as 317 respondents (91 percent) indicated; and alcohol consumption – that was admitted by 22 respondents (6 percent). 10 percent of the students named desire to relax as the main reason for smoking; 10 percent admitted being encouraged by their friends; 8 percent pointed out that this was a habit; while 3 percent started smoking out of curiosity.
In order to reduce the spread of harmful habits, various prevention events, promotions, meetings and competitions are organized at our gymnasium. Besides, since this school year, the public health official (PHO) organizes the classes based on the issues of psychoactive substance prevention.
A lot of events take place in February, since the campaign "February is a healthy month – 2016" is traditionally carried out at that time of the year.
Programs of health promotion, physical activity and addiction prevention applied in schools will help shape students' psychological - social competence, their life and health skills; encourage healthy living and safe choices.
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Author(s):
Jolanta Baltakienė, Gražina Valeikaitė.
Page No : 17-23
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THE IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPING SENSES IN PRESCHOOL AGE CHILDREN FOR BETTER COMPREHENSION COMPETENCE
Abstract
The child recognizes the world through his senses: tasting, touching, smelling, seeing, hearing, and moving.
Sensory experience - is the first cognition of the world. Therefore, we create a positive learning environment for children recognize and identify their feelings, understand new information.
Children gain the experience and acquire knowledge first of all through the play. There are the certain tools, toys and materials which are needed to meet cognitive demand in each child's development level.
The project "I will perceive the world in this way" has been lasted for one academic year in order to educate and empower the children's senses.
The project goal: Encourage each child to explore the world through the basic 5 senses.
The project participants: 4-5 years old children.
Three new games have been played and practical activity has been organized each month.
After project children have expanded empowerment of their senses. They gained not only theoretical, visual knowledge about nature and environment practice, but also had heightened tasting, hearing, touching senses and perception.
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Author(s):
Rūta Jacevičienė, Nijolė Zlatkauskienė, Irena Vežbickienė.
Page No : 24-30
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CHILDREN’S EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT POSSIBILITIES THROUGH INANIMATE NATURE COGNITION
Abstract
Changing community and environment, encourage people to gain new competencies, accumulate their current and new skills. The broad methods‘ range provides an opportunity for the educator to reveal own competencies and make the learning process more engaging.
There is a lot of attention paid to close relationship development between child and environment at our institution. Since 2010 environment protection has become the priority area. Six years ago we have started various discussions on the ecology subject, promoted various activities, that later turned into a project. Annual events and activities gaining strong community attention and support. Therefore, we are creatively moving forward, discovering new ideas, that we implement through the projects either recreational or cognitive events. We‘ve noticed, that creative project method helps to involve children with various needs and also adapts education content to the child‘s abilities. We pay a lot of attention to creativity expression in our environmental events. Creativity relates to curiosity, because through touching, sensing, taking and creating child is looking for a solution, new means of decision. We, educators, led by our nature and predilection, are seeking for those methods of work, which helps best to achieve our targets and aims. It is important to find reasonable methods, which would help to disclose individual learners‘ personality and release their creative powers.
Each activity, that we introduce to children is known and usual, however, it‘s been introduced unconventionally, through the different approach and creativity. Children, along with their little friends, discovered new environment perception paths, shared their knowledge, insights and were learning from each other at the same time.
Experiments, trials and discoveries encourage children to calm down, concentrate and experience the mystery and positive sensations. Each experiment is awarding child with pride and self-confidence, because knowledge is not enforced to the child, but discovered her/himself.
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Author(s):
Benita Jaruševičiūtė.
Page No : 31-39
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NATURALISTIC ABILITIES DEVELOPMENT LEARNING IN THE NATURE PRIMARY PUPILS FROM III TO IV FORMS
Abstract
The research analyses the naturalistic abilities development in nature of primary pupils from third to fourth forms. This topic is very actual, because the nature pedagogy is becoming more popular nowadays. The problem appears because teachers are used to organise activities in the classrooms not in the open air. So, the main purpose of this work is teaching primary pupils in the natural environment to explore their natural abilities acquired during the learning in nature, using all senses, knowledge and experience.
In this work are analysing the results of pupils who participated in practical training. The research includes 128 pupils, 52 pupils from third form and 76 pupils from fourth form (55 girls and 76 boys). The participants of the research are from separate schools of Žvėrynas district.
The results have shown that pupils can use the information which they have got from other subjects and can use it practically, but it’s more difficult to use suitable phrases.
To sum up, it is necessary to give more tasks to do, not indoors, but in the nature. Only then the results of pupils would become markedly better.
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Author(s):
Gintarė Jurgaitienė, Silvija Kazakevičienė.
Page No : 40-47
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„A FOREST SCHOOL“ PROJECT AT VILNIUS BALSIAI PROGYMNASIUM IN GRADES 1-4
Abstract
In November, 2014 Deputy Head Teacher for Primary Education Gintarė Jurgaitienė visited Newcastle upon Tyne, where she observed Erasmus + KA1 project activities at various schools. Now she is successfully putting the British school experience in outdoor learning and forest schools into practise at Vilnius Balsiai Progymnasium.
The 2015-2016 school year project „A Forest School“ at Vilnius Balsiai Progymnasium is being carried out by four pilot classes. Once a week integrated outdoor lessons in accordance with integrated learning themes and by a separately arranged timetable are organised for the students in grades 1-4.
Project "A Forest School" objectives:
to provide all students with the opportunity to explore and analyse the living and non-living natural phenomena in natural conditions and to integrate this gained experience into other subjects learning;
to enrich students' artistic and linguistic expression;
to create the conditions where students could observe and explore in nature;
to strengthen the immune system and to enjoy the fresh air.
The project „A Forest School“ at Vilnius Balsiai Progymnasium - is a great idea to conduct integrated lessons in the outdoor environments. This project encourages the students' willingness to travel, to know, to discover, to develop their practical activity skills. By carrying out different activities students have the opportunity to develop their current experience and acquire new experiences. Such activities are interesting and attractive to students and stimulate them to look for innovations, to explore, to know, to discover, to make decisions, to experiment, to observe, to communicate and cooperate with each other, to narrate, to talk, to solve problems, students gain new experiences and take responsibility for natural objects in their immediate environment.
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Author(s):
Virginija Kriaučiūnaitė, Vilija Klimavičienė, Aurelija Žvirblienė.
Page No : 48-51
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PRACTICAL WORK OF SENIOR PUPILS AT THE RESEARCH LABORATORY: EXPERIENCE OF VILNIUS GABIJA GYMNASIUM
Abstract
Biotechnology is a very fast growing industry worldwide, as well as in Lithuania. Lithuania is famous for its achievements in the field of biotechnology, however, one of the problems which restricts the development of biotechnology and natural science research, is a lack of specialists. Therefore, it is very important to have the school-oriented pupils to choose this line of study. The decision of pupils to choose a certain profession is often determined by the practical examples which demonstrate the attractiveness and prospects of the profession. However, schools have limited opportunities to introduce to senior pupils the field of biotechnology and natural sciences and demonstrate the specificity of this work.
Since 2014, the Vilnius Gabija gymnasium has carried out a successful activity, which aims to introduce to the senior pupils the practical work in the modern molecular biology laboratory. The gymnasium collaborates with the Institute of Biotechnology of Vilnius University, which provides an opportunity to the group of senior pupils to perform experiments at the laboratories of this institute. The program of practical work is prepared for the whole school year, so the pupils gain systematic knowledge and practical skills.
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Author(s):
Giedre Kvietkauskiene, Zose Askiniene.
Page No : 52-58
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INFLUENCE OF INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENT FOR DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS CREATIVITY
Abstract
School is becoming a constantly developing institution where the newest teaching methods and various technologies are used. The student is learning to learn. The teacher is a partner and an assistant in the education process. Integration of subjects is the factor that determines the success in individualisation of educational content. The teacher chooses the appropriate teaching methods, techniques and gives the source of information according to students’ different needs, skill levels and motivation. During the lesson the student has to understand, which means thinking. This type of activity is encouraged by asking questions and projects. Development of natural sciences involves broadening the content of education. It is necessary to encourage students’ independent work and facilitate integration.
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Author(s):
Vincentas Lamanauskas, Violeta Šlekienė, Loreta Ragulienė.
Page No : 59-69
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NATURAL SCIENCE UNDERSTANDING AND MATHEMATICAL ABILITIES EDUCATION USING THE PROJECT MaT2SMC DIDACTIC MATERIAL
Abstract
Natural science and mathematics are closely related. Natural sciences investigate natural phenomena, which are described by mathematical equations and relationships, mathematical models of natural phenomena are created. The same concepts, logical thinking tools, analysis, experimentation, etc., are used both in mathematics and natural sciences. However, very often the students see mathematics and natural sciences as completely different subjects, and very often it is impossible the lessons learnt of one subject to apply to another. Therefore, it is necessary to interrelate the knowledge of these subjects so that the pupils can form knowledge systems, they can understand that what they learn at school is the whole, not a collection of separate, single, unrelated facts. The pupils should also understand not only what unites, but also what separates natural sciences and mathematics: natural science research object is material world, whereas mathematics investigates abstract laws, irrespective of whether they have the meaning in the material world. The teachers often work individually, there is little of integrated activity. A little wider and deeper cooperation is noticed in natural science teachers’ group.
One of the project MaT2SMC tasks is to prepare didactic material, adjusted to cooperative teaching (Math&SE). Therefore, the international natural science and mathematics scientist team prepared teaching/learning material, which is useful both for mathematics and natural science teachers. The material is prepared, seeking to increase the competencies of both subjects at the same time, giving a possibility for interdisciplinary teaching and cooperation between natural science and mathematics teachers, which appears from common lesson planning and teaching teamwork. This material was approved in various countries and analysed by two project experts.
The material was piloted in seminars, in which mathematics and natural science pedagogues, students – future teachers and pupils participated. The feedback showed, that the given approach to mathematics and natural science education is a successful way for the creation of positive atmosphere during the teaching process. Teachers and pupils are naturally involved into the investigated problem, they become more open for communication.
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Author(s):
Violeta Lukočienė.
Page No : 70-74
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NATURAL SCIENCE EDUCATION IN PRIMARY CLASSES THROUGH PROJECT ACTIVITIES
Abstract
In today’s society pupil’s ability to apply knowledge in practice and to acquire knowledge from practice is very important. Therefore, it is essential that in education process pupils would be active participants of creation of the education process, i.e. would solve important problems, would search the answers to the questions of their concern. Project activities are one of the most effective methods combining experience and practice. Project activities as practical-empirical activities are widely applied in the education process of Šilutė Martynas Jankus basic school. One of the most popular project activities implemented in the natural science sphere – activities related to the Earth Day. Every year one week is dedicated to natural science project activities, selecting a particular topic each year. This year the selected topic – flowers. Since the variety of flowers are very wide, primary school pupils of different age groups have been investigating, exploring various flowers. The first year pupils investigated houseplants, the second year pupils – flower garden flowers, the third year – meadow flowers, the fourth year – forest flowers. All project activities implemented by primary school pupils covered 3 activity spheres: analytical sphere (pupils collected information, observed, questioned), creative sphere (created tasks, made various things of secondary materials), and practical-empirical sphere (planted, grew and tasted).
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Author(s):
Rita Makarskaitė-Petkevičienė.
Page No : 75-84
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AN INTEGRATED LESSON OF SURROUNDING WORLD LEARNING “A TOY FOR CHILDREN: AN ANIMAL, MATERIAL AND A PHENOMENON IN ONE”
Abstract
The analysis focuses on sharing experience about a lesson of surrounding world learning, which was prepared and delivered to 4th formers. An idea for the lesson was born having found a plastic toy-fish in the toys’ shop. Moreover, an accordingly polished element of this fish refracts light. This is a lesson of natural sciences, where one object will be analysed connecting knowledge of biology, chemistry and physics.
The lesson has clear structural parts: evocation, realization of meaning and reflection. During the lesson schoolchildren were active participants in the process of education. Firstly, they shared their knowledge and experience about fish. Having listened to the teacher’s explanation and story, children reflected on the new content. Later they investigated oil, the raw material this plastic toy is made of, as well as qualities of plastic as material. Finally, they got acquainted with refraction of light. The learners were asked to record the possessed and newly acquired information in the activity sheets as well as to reflect on it.
The generalised data from the learners’ activity sheets after the lesson allow to approach this lesson not only from teaching but also from learning positions.
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Author(s):
Laima Railienė.
Page No : 85-89
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STUDENTS RESEARCH AND PROJECT WORK AT REPUBLIC CONFERENCE ” NATURE AND WE”
Abstract
Kėdainiai ‘Rytas’ progymnasium has a tradition to organize republic students’ and teachers’ conference ‘Nature and We’ since 2000. The students of Republic general education schools, the students of non-formal education institutions, environmental research centres, the club members of environmental research centres present their research, long-term and short-term project works on environmental science and environment protection issues.
During the 17 year-lasting conference ‘Nature and We’ organized period, it was observed that the students choose their study objects such natural areas which are not analysed and not investigated by adults.
In the seventeen conferences (2000-2016) have been read:
• 19 plenary reports;
• The reports have been read by 767 students;
• 806 teachers and 1294 students took part in the sections of conferences;
• The conferences were attended by teachers and students from 32 cities and towns of general education and non-formal education schools.
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Author(s):
Laimutė Salickaitė-Bunikienė, Irena Stankevičienė.
Page No : 90-96
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EVOLUTION OF SCHOOLCHILDREN SCIENTIFIC AND CREATIVE RESEARCH WORKS CONTEST “MY VIEW AT THE WORLD AROUND ME” WITHIN 2013-2016 YEARS PERIOD
Abstract
This article shows the importance of young researchers’ preparation for scientific contexts in biology, chemistry, physics and other fields. It is discussed and shown how research works contest „My view at the world around me” in 18 year period influenced the schoolchildren development successfully. It plays the important role in Natural Science Education, helps to motivate students to pursue scientific and exploratory project work. The participation in this contest teaches students to think creatively, to find out crazy ideas and apply existing, newly acquired abilities and skills to make this idea become real research work
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Author(s):
Danguole Saviciene.
Page No : 97-105
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RESEARCH SIGNIFICANCE FOR STUDENT MOTIVATION WHILE TEACHING “HEALTHY DIET” SUBJECT: “DIONAEA MUSCIPULA FEEDING RATION INVESTIGATION”
Abstract
In this report, I would like to share the example of good work practice - idea of research in teaching primary school students “Healthy lifestyle” subject. This subject is included in world cognition classes from first to fourth grade and includes several parts. One of them - “Healthy diet”. In order to interest my students in “Healthy diet” subject and teach the benefits of protein for growing organism, I suggested to conduct a research on insectivorous plant. My goal was to make pupils learn about the benefits of protein for growing organism by using practical method (with playful elements) which is appealing for the students.
The purpose of the research was to investigate which products can be digested by Dionaea muscipula. While in the process of the research to water the plant with distilled or rain water, document the events.
Raised hypothesis: the Dionaea muscipula will digest only food which contains mostly protein.
The result of the research: cottage cheese was digested for 3 days, fresh chicken - 10d., cheese 5d., boiled egg white - 9d., fresh fish - 6d., fresh beef - 3d., boiled beef ball - 9d., greek nut was not digested, the same is for white bread.
The conclusion of the research: chicken was the longest to digest (10 days), the shortest digestion time was for fresh beef and cottage cheese (3 days). No digestion occurred with white bread and greek nut.
Raised hypothesis was confirmed: the delicate Dionaea muscipula digested human food, which contained the protein. At the end of the research, together with students, we created education film - “Dionaea muscipula feeding ration investigation”, which not only interested the students of other classes, but also summarized and solidified the subject of “Healthy diet”.
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Author(s):
Pavel Stankevič .
Page No : 106-115
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PHYSICS TEACHING METHODOLOGY IN LITHUANIAN SECONDARY SCHOOLS: PAST AND PRESENT
Abstract
The purpose of this article - to describe and evaluate the physics teaching methodology in Lithuanian secondary schools from the Education Commission times, when physics as a separate subject has been introduced into the curriculum, to the present day. Historical analysis of physics teaching experience is an integral part of the physics history in Lithuania, which allows to evaluate the current physics teaching methods. After gaining the independence, an intensive improvement of physics teaching methods in Lithuania’s secondary schools was in progress. Physics and mathematics teachers organized special conferences, congresses, grouping themselves into societies, improved their qualification. During 1918-1940 Lithuanian secondary schools launched special attention to students' independent work. It was required that the students should carry out experiments and produce the necessary devices themselves, and physics teaching should be combined with other natural sciences.
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Author(s):
Ramunė Vėželytė.
Page No : 116-120
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TRIPS, EXCURSIONS, VIRTUAL JOURNEYS IN NATURAL SCIENCES FOR PRE-PRIMARY SCHOOL EDUCATION
Abstract
Pre-primary school education in natural sciences running in the real and virtual world is applying to pre-primary children and to individual education. Children could be educated with groups at school or outside school premises. Children of contemporary generation Z grow up in the era of digital technology. These children are interested and involved in several activities and change them often. The goal of the teacher is to prepare the projects of natural sciences that let children use digital technology. The latter helps to liven educational process and children could be more interested in the activity. Pre-primary school children create, explore, enjoy, solve problems, think critically, search for information, work together as a team while dealing with investigative, creative and educational work. While sharing the ideas and experience with others, children involve their parents and community of the kindergarten in the activities. Trips, excursions, virtual journeys help the children to express themselves, cooperate, gain self-esteem and rely on others, help to be responsible, strengthen reciprocal relations between nature, child, teacher and society.
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Author(s):
Liudmila Korozhneva.
Page No : 121-128
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TECHNOLOGY OF CRITICAL THINKING DEVELOPMENT IN PRIMARY EDUCATION
Abstract
The article analyses the possibility the technology of critical thinking development in primary education in the area natural sciences. The purpose of primary education is developing of the pupil's personality. One of the most significant ways to achieve the goal of education is various educational technologies. The article reveals the technology of critical thinking development, the essence of critical thinking, the basic concepts of the technology of critical thinking development, stages and methods of implementation of the technology of critical thinking development.
The technology of critical thinking development involves the organization of autonomous activity of primary school pupils when studying new information. The technology of critical thinking development is characterized by a system of interconnected stages. The article presents the results of the research revealing the opinions of teachers on educational technologies. Moreover, the article describes the series of the lessons of the natural sciences, where the technology of critical thinking development is applied. The results of the research showed the possibility of realization of technology of critical thinking development in primary education.
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Author(s):
Sergei V. Teleshov, Elena V. Teleshova .
Page No : 129-139
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SOME NOMINAL NAMES IN THE SCHOOL COURSE OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY: REACTIONS, RULES, FORMULAS, DEVICES
Abstract
The motivation of students is a very complex problem. This article may help to solve some of the problems for teaching students. Chemical experiment is a very powerful tool for motivation in the hands of the teachers in Chemistry. The personal history of chemists in combination with the history of discovery of different chemical reactions and instruments can attract the interest of students making a valuable contribution to the knowledge about cultural heritage of their country and the entire chemical community. An interesting fact is that a traditional conference for teaching in Chemistry take place in Portugal (the University of Lisbon) where the specialists gather together to perform experiments of the chemist Alexander Borodin and play music written by Alexander Borodin. They know that it is the same person! Who knows, perhaps equipped with the entire arsenal of teaching tools we grow at least one student from our pupils. Let's immerse them into the world of Chemistry for our common good.
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Author(s):
Aleksandr Žuk.
Page No : 140-143
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ŠALČININKŲ JANO SNIADECKIO GIMNAZIJA: TURTINGĄ ISTORIJĄ TURINTI MOKYKLA
Abstract
Šalčininkų Jano Sniadeckio gimnazija – dieninė, savarankiško mokymosi bendrojo lavinimo mokykla Šalčininkų raj. Šalčininkuose, Mokyklos g. 22, vykdanti pradinio, pagrindinio, vidurinio ir neformaliojo ugdymo programas.
Gimnazijos internetinis adresas: http://www.sniadeckio.salcininkai.lm.lt/, elektroninis paštas: sjsg@etanetas.lt .
Šalčininkų Jano Sniadeckio gimnazija savo istoriją pradeda nuo privačios parapijos mokyklos.
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Author(s):
Editorial Board.
Page No : 144-144
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END
Abstract
End page, Vol. 22, 2016, GUBUM